El Blog Sobre Cocina Mexicana de
Las Taquerías de Birra

La gastronomía mexicana es una de las más famosas del mundo, debido a la amplia cantidad de sabores y texturas únicas que podemos encontrar en sus platos más famosos, de ahí que se haya convertido en un habitual cuando sales a comer o cenar, o incluso en casa.

La comida mexicana tiene una infinidad de curiosidades y tradiciones, y en nuestro blog contamos muchas de ellas. Aprende más sobre cómo hacer comida mexicana y su cultura en este blog para estar al tanto sobre todo lo relativo a la cocina mexicana.

En nuestro blog sobre gastronomía mexicana podrás encontrar desde tutoriales sobre cómo preparar los platos más conocidos del país azteca hasta descubrir las fiestas y costumbres más tradicionales del país centroamericano.

Y es que no solo hablamos en nuestro blog sobre la cocina mexicana. Aquí podrás aprender todo lo que necesitas saber sobre su cultura y otras muchas curiosidades e información interesante sobre este país y su gente. 

Aunque para conocer verdaderamente su cultura, no hay nada mejor que probar unos buenos tacos caseros al estilo tradicional, y esto es algo que podrás encontrar en cualquiera de nuestros restaurantes mexicanos, donde además, también podrás observar una decoración ambientada en la cultura mexicana que posee un estilo auténtico y tradicional con fotografías, objetos y música traídos desde el mismo México. 

En Las Taquerías de Birra podrás probar la mejor comida mexicana en nuestros locales de Don Pedro y Comendadoras, ambos con una decoración y una carta gastronómica típica con la que trasladar tus sentidos al país azteca para vivir una experiencia única.

pico de gallo

The Pico de Gallo. Origin, ingredients and Recipe

Pico de gallo is a fresh, colorful, and delicious Mexican sauce that has gained worldwide popularity. It’s versatile, easy to prepare, and perfect for pairing with a variety of dishes. Though sometimes overshadowed by guacamole or traditional salsas, this mix of fresh ingredients holds a special place in Mexican cuisine. Join us as we explore its origin, essential ingredients, and an authentic pico de gallo recipe so you can prepare

Ver más »
the guacamole

The Guacamole. Origin, ingredients and Recipe

Guacamole is one of the most popular and beloved Mexican recipes worldwide. It’s the perfect combination of fresh ingredients, creamy texture, and vibrant flavors, making it an ideal accompaniment to all kinds of dishes. But do you know the origins of guacamole, the key ingredients it contains, and how to make it at home?  In this post, we’ll share everything you need to know about this delicious recipe, including an

Ver más »

How to make Vegetarian Tacos? The best Mexican recipe

Vegetarian tacos are a delicious alternative within Mexican cuisine that combines a wide variety of freshness and flavor.  Perfect for those seeking meat-free options, these tacos offer an explosion of textures and colors by incorporating ingredients like fresh vegetables, beans, avocado, and more.  With the traditional base of corn tortillas and a blend of authentic spices, vegetarian tacos allow you to enjoy the richness of Mexican flavors in every bite

Ver más »

6 essential places to visit in Mexico

Mexico is one of the most visited countries in the world. Its wonderful Caribbean beaches, its famous gastronomy and its incredible culture are just some of the reasons to take a tour of this beautiful country.  It is so big and different that you are sure to find a place you will fall in love with. The Riviera Maya is the most popular tourist area, but this country has attractions

Ver más »

The 5 most traditional Mexican festivities

The Aztec country has a great variety of traditions that make its gastronomy unique and known worldwide.  When we think of Mexican traditions, an indispensable one is Mexican gastronomy and its most typical dish, tacos. However, there are a number of Mexican festivities that make the Aztec country unique. Mexican fiestas are a colourful and vibrant celebration of Mexican culture. These festivities often include music, dance, traditional food and fireworks

Ver más »

The Cry of Independence: History and Significance

The Cry of Independence or Cry of Dolores is one of the most emblematic moments in the history of Mexico, and every September 15, millions of Mexicans proudly celebrate this date that marked the beginning of the struggle for the country’s independence.  Do you know the origin of this tradition and why it is so important? We tell you about it below. What is the Cry of Independence or Cry

Ver más »

Top 5 Mexican Cheeses

Mexican cheeses are a reflection of Mexico’s rich cultural and gastronomic diversity. From mild and fresh to aged and robust, each cheese tells a story that goes back through centuries of traditions and cultural fusions.  These cheeses are not only essential ingredients in Mexican cuisine, but also represent the identity and flavour of their regions of origin.  Whether in an Oaxacan quesadilla, an elote sprinkled with Cotija, or a Yucatecan

Ver más »

How to make Mexican quesadillas? The best Mexican recipe

Mexican quesadillas are an emblematic dish of traditional Mexican cuisine, prized for both their simplicity and their unmistakable taste. This delicious treat, made with corn tortillas filled with cheese and a variety of optional Mexican ingredients, has conquered palates around the world.  From the classic cheese-only quesadilla to more elaborate versions with squash blossom, huitlacoche or chorizo, Mexican quesadillas are a perfect showcase of the country’s culinary richness and diversity.

Ver más »

5 Mexican breakfasts to start the day with energy

Mexican breakfasts are a variety of traditional and hearty dishes that reflect Mexico’s rich culinary culture.  These breakfasts often combine fresh ingredients, corn or flour tortillas, beans, spicy sauces and different types of proteins.  Here is a list of some of the most popular Mexican breakfasts and their main ingredients: 5 typical Mexican breakfasts These are some of the most popular and well-known Mexican breakfasts. Huevos Rancheros Huevos rancheros is

Ver más »

Beans. What are they? What types are there?

Beans are legumes from various plants of the Fabaceae family, cultivated and consumed all over the world. They are an important source of protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals.  Beans are one of the most popular Mexican ingredients, and are used in a wide variety of dishes, being an essential component of many traditional cuisines. Nutritional Benefits 6 types of beans Black Bean The black bean is a variety of bean

Ver más »

Birria Tacos: Ingredients and Recipe

Birria Tacos are a delicious Mexican speciality originating in the state of Jalisco, although its popularity has spread throughout Mexico and beyond.  Birria is a dish traditionally prepared with goat or lamb meat, although nowadays beef is also used, marinated in a mixture of chillies and spices, and slowly cooked until the meat is extremely tender. In recent decades, birria tacos have gained international popularity, especially in the United States.

Ver más »

The 7 best Mexican Salads for summer

Mexican salads are an excellent choice for the summer, as they are fresh, full of flavour and very nutritious. Here we show you some Mexican salad recipes perfect to enjoy in the hottest days. 7 Mexican Salads for summer Nopales Salad Nopales salad is a traditional Mexican dish that stands out for its simplicity and delicious flavour. Nopales are the stalks of the nopal cactus (Opuntia), a cactus that is

Ver más »

The 7 most irresistible types of Enchiladas

Enchiladas are a popular Mexican dish consisting of corn tortillas rolled up and stuffed, usually with meat, chicken, cheese or other ingredients, and sauces.  But what are the most popular types of enchiladas? In this article we tell you the 7 most irresistible types of Enchiladas.  7 Variations or Types of enchiladas Discover the 7 most popular types of enchiladas: Swiss Enchiladas Enchiladas Suizas are a traditional Mexican dish consisting

Ver más »

How to make Mexican enchiladas? The traditional recipe

Mexican enchiladas are a traditional Mexican dish whose origins date back to pre-Columbian times. The term ‘enchilada’ comes from the Spanish verb ‘enchilar’, which means ‘to add chilli’.  Enchiladas are believed to have their roots in pre-Hispanic times, where the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica ate food wrapped in corn tortillas and covered with chili sauces. During colonial times in Mexico, enchiladas became a popular dish that incorporated both indigenous and

Ver más »

How to make Mexican tamales? The best Mexican recipe

Mexican tamales are a traditional Mexican dish consisting of a stuffed corn dough, wrapped in corn or banana leaves and steamed. They are popular throughout Latin America and are prepared in a variety of ways depending on the region and personal preference. Tamales can be sweet or savoury and are filled with a variety of ingredients ranging from meats such as chicken, pork or beef, to vegetables, chillies, cheeses and

Ver más »

How to make Mexican chilaquiles? The best Mexican recipe

Chilaquiles are a traditional Mexican dish consisting mainly of corn tortillas cut into pieces and fried, which are then mixed with red or green sauce and served with various ingredients such as shredded chicken, onion, cheese, cream, avocado and eggs. Origin of Mexican chilaquiles Chilaquiles are a traditional Mexican dish, with roots dating back to pre-Hispanic times. It is believed that chilaquiles may have their origins in Mesoamerican indigenous cuisine,

Ver más »

The 7 Best Mexican Beers

Mexican beers encompass a wide variety of styles and brands, due to a rich brewing tradition that has diversified and gained international recognition in recent decades. Mexico’s brewing tradition has roots dating back to pre-Columbian times, where some indigenous cultures were already producing fermented corn-based beverages.  However, beer as we know it today was introduced by European colonisers, especially the Germans, in the 19th century. Mexico is one of the

Ver más »

How to make Birria de Res? Ingredients and easy recipe

Beef birria is a traditional Mexican dish, originating mainly from the state of Jalisco, although it has spread to other regions of Mexico.  It is known for its robust and spicy flavour, and is usually prepared with beef, although lamb or goat meat can also be used.  This dish has gained international popularity and is appreciated for its complexity of flavours and its connection to Mexican culinary traditions.  Beef birria

Ver más »

Cocktail making: The skill of mixing flavours

Bartending is the art and practice of creating and serving cocktails, which are alcoholic or non-alcoholic drinks prepared by mixing different ingredients.  Cocktail making involves a combination of technical skills, knowledge of ingredients, creativity and attention to detail to produce balanced, delicious and visually appealing drinks. Cocktail mixologists, also known as bartenders, are experts in blending spirits, flavored liqueurs, juices, syrups, fruits, herbs and other ingredients to create a wide

Ver más »

Cochinita Pibil Tacos: Origin, Ingredients and Preparation

Origin Cochinita Pibil tacos is a traditional Mexican dish from the Yucatan region. Its origin dates back to the culinary practices of the Mayan civilization, which inhabited the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico.  This dish has been passed down through generations and has endured as an integral part of the gastronomic culture of the region. The word “pibil” comes from the Mayan language and means “buried”, referring to the cooking method

Ver más »

Mexican Constitution Day

Mexican Constitution Day is celebrated on 5 February every year. This date commemorates the promulgation of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States in 1917.  The 1917 Constitution is Mexico’s magna carta and is the result of the efforts of revolutionary leaders who sought to establish a legal framework that reflected the ideals of the Mexican Revolution. The 1917 Mexican Constitution addresses a variety of issues, including labour rights,

Ver más »

7 Margarita Cocktail Variants

The Margarita is a classic cocktail that has gained popularity around the world. Although the basic traditional recipe involves tequila, triple sec and lime juice, there are several creative versions and variations of the margarita cocktail. 7 Types of Margarita Cocktail Classic Margarita The Classic Margarita is one of the most popular and loved cocktails. Here is the basic recipe: Ingredients for a Margarita Clásica *1 oz = 29.57 mL

Ver más »

The Mariachi. Origin and Music

“El Mariachi” is a traditional Mexican musical genre that has become iconic worldwide. It also refers to a musician or a group of musicians who perform this music. Origin of The Mariachi Regional Roots Cultural Fusion Traditional Instrumentation The instrumentation has also evolved over time. Although indigenous instruments like drums and flutes were used in its early stages, European instruments such as the guitar, violins, and trumpets were later incorporated.

Ver más »

The 7 Mexican dishes ideal for Winter

Mexican winter food is characterised by comforting, warm dishes full of intense flavours. Mexican winter food not only stands out for its delicious taste, but also for its cultural, social and emotional importance in the lives of people in Mexico. Therefore, in this post we want to tell you about the 7 Mexican winter dishes par excellence. 7 Mexican dishes for the cold Pozole Pozole is a traditional Mexican dish

Ver más »

The origin of the avocado: The 5 most common types of avocados

Origin of the avocado The avocado, known scientifically as Persea americana, is native to Central and South America. It is believed that the plant was first domesticated in southern Mexico or nearby regions of Central America thousands of years ago.  Archaeological remains indicate that the indigenous peoples of these areas cultivated and consumed avocados long before the arrival of Europeans. The avocado has been a staple food in the diet

Ver más »

The most popular Mexican nachos recipes

In this article we will tell you some of the best Mexican Nachos Recipes so that you can prepare them for your friends and family at home. The Mexican cuisine has a wide variety of delicious dishes, such as tacos or enchiladas, among many others, as well as a wide variety of desserts and cocktails, so we did not want to miss the opportunity to talk about this well-known dish.

Ver más »

The 7 best spices of Mexican gastronomy

Mexican cuisine is one of the richest and most varied cuisines in the world, renowned for its diversity of flavours, ingredients and culinary techniques.  Mexican cuisine is the result of a fusion of indigenous and European influences, with a touch of African and Asian culinary traditions. Mexican cuisine is known for its richness of flavours and the use of a wide variety of spices and seasonings. 7 Mexican spices Some

Ver más »

The 3 best types of tequila in Mexico

Tequila is a distilled alcoholic beverage originating in Mexico, specifically in the region of Jalisco.  Mexican gastronomy, besides enjoying some of the most famous dishes in the world, is also characterised by its purely Mexican beverages. It is produced from the fermentation and distillation of the juice extracted from the agave, mainly from the Agave tequilana species, known as blue agave. There are several types of tequila, classified according to

Ver más »

Influences of other cultures on Mexican gastronomy

Mexican cuisine is one of the richest and most diverse in the world, and has been influenced by a variety of cultures throughout its history. What influences does Mexican cuisine have? Some of the main influences on Mexican gastronomy are: Indigenous culture Indigenous culture plays a fundamental role in Mexican gastronomy, as much of the basis of traditional Mexican food comes from the pre-Hispanic indigenous cultures that inhabited the territory

Ver más »

Corn in Mexico. 7 types of corn

Maize is one of the most important and traditional crops in Mexico. It has a long history in the region, as it is believed that maize was first domesticated in what is now Mexico thousands of years ago. Mexico is known for its diversity of maize types, as numerous varieties are cultivated throughout the country. Each of these varieties has unique characteristics and is used for different culinary purposes. Origin

Ver más »

The 7 Mexican street food dishes not to be missed

Mexican street cuisine is an essential and vibrant part of Mexico’s gastronomic culture, but it has also spread around the world. It is characterised by authentic flavours, fresh ingredients and a wide variety of delicious and traditional dishes. Mexican street cuisine is a unique culinary experience and an essential part of the country’s gastronomic culture.  Each region of Mexico has its own offer of traditional street dishes, making it a

Ver más »

Top 8 Most Popular Mexican Taco Sauces

Mexican taco sauces are liquid or creamy condiments used to add flavour, heat and spice to tacos, one of the most iconic dishes in Mexican cuisine. These sauces are essential to enhance the flavour of the main ingredients in tacos, be it meat, chicken, fish, vegetables, etc.  Here are some of the most common sauces used in Mexican tacos: The 8 tastiest sauces for tacos. Salsa verde cruda Salsa verde

Ver más »

The 7 most popular Mexican ingredients

Mexican ingredients are those products and foods used in the traditional cuisine of Mexico. These ingredients are characteristic of Mexican gastronomy and contribute to the diversity and richness of flavors in the dishes and recipes from this country. Mexican cuisine is recognized worldwide for its richness of flavors, colors and variety of dishes.  It is characterized by the combination of fresh ingredients and spices, as well as the use of

Ver más »

International types of food. The most famous 5 dishes

International types of food encompass a wide range of regional cuisines, such as Italian, French, Chinese, Japanese, Mexican, Thai, Indian, Greek, among many others. Each of these cuisines has its own distinctive set of ingredients, preparation methods and characteristic flavors. The popularity of international food has grown significantly around the world due to globalization, travel and migration.  International restaurants are common in many cities, allowing people to enjoy a wide

Ver más »

Top 5 most ordered fast food dishes

Fast food, refers to foods that are prepared and served quickly, usually in specialized establishments. These foods are designed to be convenient, easily accessible and fast to eat.  Although fast food is often associated with less healthy options, there are ways to enjoy fast food in a healthier way. 5 most consumed fast food dishes Hamburger A hamburger is a type of meal consisting of a piece of ground beef,

Ver más »

What’s in it and how to make a traditional Mexican michelada?

The michelada is a very popular drink in Mexico, especially during hot days or as an accompaniment to enjoy a good Mexican dish.  It is a refreshing and tasty combination that combines beer with different ingredients, creating a unique experience for the palate, so you may have wondered how to make a traditional Mexican michelada. The basic michelada recipe includes beer, lime juice, Worcestershire sauce, hot sauce (such as Tabasco

Ver más »

Where to eat in the Barrio Universidad in Madrid?

Barrio Universidad is a neighbourhood located in the Malasaña district near the Moncloa area of Madrid. As its name suggests, it is closely associated with the city’s educational institutions and universities. Madrid’s Barrio Universidad is a popular destination for both students and local residents looking to enjoy the city’s urban life, nightlife and cultural richness. In terms of gastronomy, the neighbourhood offers a wide range of options. There are numerous

Ver más »

What is a taco and what does it mean?

A Mexican taco is a typical dish of Mexican cuisine. It consists of a corn or wheat flour tortilla that is folded in half and filled with various ingredients. The preparation of a Mexican taco may vary according to the region and personal tastes. Some tacos, such as the taco al pastor, which has the meat marinated in spices and slow-roasted on a vertical lid, are prepared on the grill.

Ver más »
que es una taqueria

What is a taco shop and what is its meaning?

What is a Taqueria? A taqueria is a type of food establishment that specialises in the preparation and sale of tacos.  Tacos are a typical Mexican dish consisting of a corn or flour tortilla filled with various ingredients, such as beef, chicken, pork, fish or seafood, accompanied by sauces, guacamole, cilantro, onion and other condiments. Taquerias usually offer a wide variety of taco options, both in terms of the types

Ver más »
origen de los tacos

What is the origin of Mexican tacos? 

The Mexican taco is an emblematic dish of Mexican cuisine that has gained popularity all over the world.  As we have explained in previous articles, the taco consists of a corn or flour tortilla filled with various ingredients and seasonings. The base of a Mexican taco is usually a soft and flexible tortilla. Corn tortillas are the most traditional and authentic, while flour tortillas are more common in northern Mexico.

Ver más »
famous Mexican restaurants in Madrid

What are the most famous Mexican restaurants in Madrid?

If you are looking for a Mexican restaurant in Madrid for a unique lunch or dinner with friends, family, colleagues or partner, here is the definitive list of the best Mexican cuisine places in the capital. The 8 most famous Mexican restaurants in Madrid A Mexican restaurant is an establishment that specialises in traditional Mexican food. They offer a variety of food such as tacos, enchiladas, tamales, quesadillas, burritos, guacamole

Ver más »

What types of traditional Mexican tacos are there?

Mexican tacos are a variety of traditional Mexican dishes consisting of corn or flour tortillas, folded or rolled, and filled with a wide range of ingredients. Tacos are very versatile and can be prepared with different types of meat, seafood, vegetables and other accompaniments. The base of a Mexican taco is the tortilla, which can be made of corn or wheat flour. Corn tortillas are the most common and authentic

Ver más »

Chilli in Mexican cuisine

Chilli is a key ingredient for preparing the moles, marinades and sauces that make our Mexican tacos in Madrid so irresistible. It is one of the cornerstones of Mexican cuisine, providing flavour, texture, colour and, in many cases, an interesting spicy touch. A product that has been part of the Mexican diet since pre-Hispanic times, when food was based on corn, beans and pumpkin. There are 64 different types of

Ver más »

How to make charro beans

Mexican cuisine is very varied and rich in flavours and colours. It is characterised by the use of fresh ingredients and a wide variety of spices and condiments. Charro beans (or cowboy beans) is a traditional Mexican dish made with pinto beans, bacon, onions, jalapeño peppers, garlic, tomatoes and various herbs and spices.  The dish is usually cooked in a large pot or Dutch oven and served as a side

Ver más »
how to make tacos al pastor

How to make homemade tacos al pastor? Easy recipe

Mexican cuisine is one of the most popular in the world, due to its great variety and exotic flavours. In addition, Mexican cuisine also brings us a sweet touch thanks to its cocktails and exquisite desserts. Although they have a wide variety of exquisite dishes such as enchiladas, quesadillas or totopos with guacamole, tacos are the most famous Mexican dish in the world. This dish has been part of the

Ver más »
postres mexicanos

The 8 Mexican desserts you must try

Within the Aztec country there is a great variety of flavours and traditions that make its gastronomy genuine and known worldwide.  When we think in the Mexican food, the most common thing that comes to mind is dishes such as tacos, nachos and guacamole. However, there is a section of sweet dishes that make Mexican food very complete.  Here we can find Mexican desserts, which added to its variety of

Ver más »
How to make taco shells

How to make taco shells? The secret on how to make taco dough

Tacos are one of the most popular dishes in Mexican cuisine, so making the right corn tortilla is essential if you want to enjoy this dish.  For tacos, a white corn flour tortilla is used, while for other dishes such as burritos, fajitas or quesadillas, a wheat flour tortilla is used. At Birra’s Taquerias we are fascinated by Mexican gastronomy, and that is why we want to show you how

Ver más »
mexican cocktail

Top 10 Tasty Mexican Cocktails

In the Aztec country there are a series of traditions, culture and gastronomy that make its cocktails unique.  Mexican gastronomy is best known for dishes such as tacos or enchiladas, or its delicious guacamole, but there are a variety of Mexican cocktails that make this cuisine one of the most complete and tasty in the world. In fact, I’m sure some of them ring a bell and you’ve tried them.

Ver más »

Don Pedro Street, all you need to know about this emblematic street

Don Pedro street is located between the Gabriel Miró square and the Moros gate, in the famous neighbourhood of La Latina. Formerly, this street was known by the name of Alcantarilla, until 1770, when Don Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo, took possession of the land and built his palace. The street is named after Don Pedro Álvarez de Toledo because he had a close relationship with

Ver más »
Plaza de las Comendadoras en Madrid

Comendadoras Square restaurants: rich in tradition and history

Within the Conde Duque area, we can find a wide variety of Comendadoras Square restaurants, known for their experience and high reputation, located in the emblematic Plaza de las Comendadoras. And is that this reputed square with good weather is filled with the bustle of leisure with terraces ideal for a good gastronomic time accompanied by the best company.  Its privileged location next to San Bernardo street through Quiñones street,

Ver más »
platos famosos de las gastronomía mexicana

The 10 most famous dishes of Mexican gastronomy

Mexican gastronomy was declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010, making it one of the most famous cuisines in the world.  Mexican gastronomy is valued as one of the best gastronomies in the world, due to its high diversity of ingredients and quality raw materials and its traditional ancestral elaborations inherited from its culture, but above all, thanks to the variety of flavours that explode on the

Ver más »
hacer tacos mexicanos caseros

How to make Mexican tacos step by step?

How to make mexican tacos step by step at home? If we think about Mexican gastronomy, it is inevitable to think about tacos. Mexican tacos are one of the most popular recipes in this country, as well as being known worldwide. As with most Mexican food recipes, there are a multitude of options for how to prepare tacos. On this occasion we will teach you how to do them in

Ver más »
¿Cómo preparar el cóctel margarita?

How to prepare the margarita cocktail?

What can be the perfect climax to a dinner based on Mexican tacos in Madrid? With what drink to pair an authentic Aztec meal in one of our establishments in the capital? Yes, you guessed it, we are talking about you going ahead and ordering a margarita cocktail. This cocktail, made from tequila, triple sec and lime juice, is one of the basic cocktails for any bartender. The point is

Ver más »
el chile en la cocina mexicana

How does Mexico celebrate carnival?

As a taco restaurant in Madrid, we remind you that carnival in Mexico has clear signs of identity: parades, dances, music, and color. Many cities and towns in the country celebrate this festival, some in a very particular way. The streets are flooded with people with costumes and masks, from more common and commercial models to others with a greater mystical-religious load. Let’s see something more about the carnival in

Ver más »
el chile y la cocina mexicana

Basic dishes of Mexican cuisine

Did you know that, since 2010, Mexican cuisine has been recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity? If you were not aware and have never enjoyed some authentic Mexican tacos in Madrid in one of our establishments, we invite you to continue reading. We inaugurate our blog by reviewing some of the basics of Aztec cuisine. What better way to start our Mexican feast than with some nachos

Ver más »

SUBSCRIBE

Los mejores snacks mexicanos para la noche de juegos en Vavada vavada казино Casino Taqueria en julio de 2024.